Everything You Need to Know About Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

If you've ever had a burning sensation when urinating, you may suffer from a urinary tract infection (UTI). UTIs are common, and while they affect both men and women, women are more prone to them. In today's article, we will give you all the answers you need about UTI, including causes, symptoms, and how we can help you at Berry Health.

What Exactly Is Urinary Tract Infection?

UTIs are infections that can affect any part of the urinary system, such as the kidneys and bladder, but they primarily affect the lower tract, including the bladder and urethra. Bacteria can enter through the urethra and multiply to cause an infection.

In Ghana, many of us face challenges such as enduring journeys without access to restroom facilities, dehydration risks, and utilizing communal toilet facilities that can increase the likelihood of UTIs.

What are the factors that lead to UTI ?

Women are more prone to UTIs compared to men due to their differences, precisely because women have shorter urethras than men, which can make it easier for bacteria to enter the bladder and lead to an infection. That is not to say, that men cannot get UTIs; they also get that. 

Some specific causes of UTIs include:

• Sexual activity: Sexual activity can introduce bacteria into the urinary tract, especially if there’s unprotected anal intercourse, which increases the risk of bacterial transmission.

• Poor hygiene: Improper wiping after using the toilet (wiping back to front instead of front to back) can allow bacteria from the rectum to enter the urinary tract.

• Pregnancy: Hormonal changes during pregnancy can increase the likelihood of developing a UTI in women

• Menopause: The reduction of estrogen after menopause can cause changes in the urinary tract, making it more susceptible to infection.

• Prostate Problems: An enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH) can lead to incomplete emptying of the bladder, which allows bacteria to grow and increase the risk of infection in men. 

• Diabetes: Diabetes can weaken the immune system and increase the risk of infections, including UTIs. High blood sugar levels can also contribute to bacterial growth in the urinary tract.

Common Symptoms of a UTI

The signs and symptoms of UTI range from mild to severe, but most UTIs share some common signs:

• Burning sensation when urinating

• Frequent urge to urinate, often with little urine passed

• Cloudy, strong-smelling urine

• Pain or pressure in your lower abdomen or back

• Blood in urine (though this is less common).

Complications of UTI

Most UTIs can be treated quickly with the proper medication. However, if left untreated, an uncomplicated UTI can escalate into a more serious kidney infection. Seek medical help immediately if you experience any of the signs highly above or;

• High fever

• Severe pain in your lower back or sides

• Nausea or vomiting

• Pyelonephritis

How Is It Diagnosed?

A simple urine test is usually all it takes to confirm a UTI. Your doctor will test your urine for bacteria or white blood cells, which signal an infection. At Berry Health, you can book a virtual consultation with one of our medical doctors, who can help you get tested and treated from home.

Medical Treatment For UTI

Antibiotics are prescribed for UTIs. The specific antibiotic and duration of treatment are determined based on the severity of the infection and the organism causing it. 

It is not recommended to self-medicate because of the risks involved. Taking the incorrect medication or dosage could worsen your infection or contribute to antibiotic resistance issues in the long run.

Berry Health allows you to consult with a doctor online from the comfort of your home, making getting the care you need more accessible than ever.

Home Remedies to Ease UTI Symptoms

While antibiotics are necessary to fully treat a UTI, some natural remedies can help ease the symptoms:

1. Drink plenty of water: Staying hydrated helps flush bacteria from your system.

2. Cranberry juice: While it's not a cure, it may help prevent bacteria from sticking to the urinary tract.

3. Probiotics: These "good bacteria" can help restore balance in the body and may prevent future infections.

4. Warm compress: A heating pad on your lower abdomen can help relieve pain and pressure.

How to Prevent UTIs

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent, and being proactive in preventing them can significantly contribute to maintaining health. You can most definitely protect yourself from UTI by;

• Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water helps dilute your urine and ensures you urinate more frequently, flushing out bacteria.

• Practice good hygiene: Always wipe from front to back after using the toilet, and make sure to clean yourself properly after sexual intercourse.

• Empty your bladder fully: Don't hold in urine for long periods—urinate as soon as you feel the need.

• Avoid irritating products: Avoid feminine sprays, scented wipes, and harsh soaps that can irritate the urethra.

Final Thoughts: Take Control of Your Health with Berry Health

UTIs can be a real pain—literally! But with the right knowledge and tools, you can prevent them or treat them effectively.