Everything You Need to Know About Syphilis

When engaging in sexual activity, especially without protection or with multiple sexual partners, it's crucial to prioritize sexual health and take necessary precautions to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like syphilis. This article focuses on everything you need to know about syphilis to protect yourself or treat it effectively in Ghana. We will explore the importance of safe practices and introduce simple yet effective preventive measures for optimal sexual health.

What is Syphilis, Anyway?

Syphilis is a bacterial sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum. It primarily spreads through direct contact with syphilis sores which are often present around the genitals (penis, vaginal), rectum, mouth. Though rare, syphilis sores can also be found around the fingers and on the tongue. 

The good news is that syphilis is 100% treatable, especially if diagnosed early. If left untreated, syphilis can progress through different stages, leading to severe health complications affecting various core organs.

Signs And Symptoms of Syphilis 

The clinical manifestations of syphilis progress in four different stages. These stages include; 

1. Primary Stage:

• The first sign you will notice when you have syphilis is a single sore or chancre, but sometimes there can be multiple sores. 

• The sore appears where the bacteria entered the body, typically around the genitals, anus, or mouth.

• The sore is usually firm, round, and painless, which can be easily overlooked.

• It can heal on its own within 3 to 6 weeks with or without treatment, but that doesn't mean the infection has been cleared and still needs treatment.

2.  Secondary Stage:

• If left untreated, the infection may progress to the next stage. Here, you will notice skin rash in other body parts like the palms of your hands or soles of your feet and more unexplainable sores in the mouth, vagina or anus. You may also experience flu-like signs like fever, swollen lymph glands and sore throat.) 

• These symptoms might be mild and could come and go, sometimes leading people to brush them off.

• This stage is like syphilis waving a red flag to get your attention—time to see a doctor if you haven't already!

3. Latent Stage:

• If syphilis still isn't treated, it enters the latent (hidden) stage. There are no symptoms, but the bacteria are still in your body.

• This stage can last for many years, and while it seems like the infection has disappeared, it hasn't. It's just lying low, potentially preparing for the next stage.

4. Tertiary Stage:

• This is the most severe stage, occurring in about 15% of untreated cases, sometimes years after the initial infection.

• Syphilis can cause severe damage to your organs, including the heart, brain, and nervous system, leading to complications that could be life-threatening.

• However, with modern medical technology and approaches, it's rare for people to reach this stage if they have access to healthcare.

How Can I Treat Syphilis?

The primary treatment for syphilis is antibiotics. Penicillin is usually the first-line approach to cure it. It is highly effective in killing the bacteria that cause the infection. For those allergic to penicillin, there are available alternatives your doctors can prescribe for you. 

However, the second worst thing you could do for yourself after avoiding treatment is self-prescribing or getting an over-the-counter medication. You need to consult with a licensed medical doctor. They will make the necessary investigation, confirm your diagnosis, and prescribe the required medicines in the correct dose to sort out your tailored problem. In Ghana, you can do this virtually without visiting the hospital and joining a long queue by visiting Berry Health. Book a virtual consultation with your doctor to treat syphilis from the comfort of your home here.

How To Prevent Syphilis? 

1. Practice Safe Sex

• Use Condoms: Use condoms during vaginal, anal, and oral sex. It is also essential to take note that while condoms significantly reduce the risk of transmission, they may not eliminate it, especially if syphilis sores are present in areas not covered by the condom.

• Use Dental Dams: Dental dams can be used during oral sex to reduce the risk of transmission.

2. Get Regular STI Screenings

Regular testing is essential if you have multiple sexual partners or are in a new relationship. Early detection of syphilis can prevent it from progressing to more severe stages and reduce the risk of transmission to others.

3. Limit Sexual Partners

It is best to stick to one sexual partner. Having multiple sexual partners increases your risk of contracting syphilis and other sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. Being in a mutually monogamous relationship where both partners are tested and free of STIs also significantly reduces risk.

4. Communicate with Your Partner(s)

Practice having open and honest communication about sexual health and STI status with your partner(s) is encouraged. 

5. Avoid Sharing Needles

Although rare, syphilis can be transmitted through blood, so avoid sharing needles or any instruments that might come into contact with blood.

6. Get Vaccinated for Other STIs

While there isn't a vaccine for syphilis yet, being vaccinated for other STIs, such as HPV and Hepatitis B, can protect you from other sexually transmitted infections and reduce your overall risk of sexual health complications.

The Bottom Line 

Syphilis is a serious bacterial STI which is spread from one infected person to another through personal contact with a syphilis sore. It is preventable and treatable as well. By prioritizing safe sexual practices, staying informed, and seeking regular medical check-ups, you can significantly reduce your risk of contracting syphilis and other sexually transmitted infections, too. 

Early detection and treatment are the key to avoiding the severe health complications that syphilis can cause if left untreated. If you're in Ghana and suspect you may have been exposed to syphilis or simply want to ensure your sexual health is in check, Berry Health offers a convenient, discreet, and effective solution for you and your partner. 

With access to experienced and licensed doctors through virtual consultations, you can receive the care you need without leaving your home and have your prescribed medication delivered directly to your doorstep. Remember, your health is your responsibility, and taking proactive steps with your partner today can protect you and your loved ones in the future.